Bilberry
This ingredient can be found in: Pop A Purple
Bilberry is the fruit of a low-growing shrub related to huckleberries and cultivated blueberries; it is known by various names such as European blueberry, wimberry, whortleberry, and myrtle blueberry. The fruit contains high concentrations of anthocyanin pigments, which protect the plant from photodamage by absorbing light. Anthocyanins are also potent antioxidants and can inhibit blood platelet aggregation (formation of blood clots that contribute to risk of heart attack), and promote the growth of collagen, a protein important in vascular health. This highly nutritious fruit also contains other biologically active compounds, including quercetin, tannins, catechins, pectins, and vitamins.
Bilberry’s effect on visual acuity was first studied in Air Force pilots during World War II. In this study, bilberry extract was found to improve night vision and help pilots adjust to darkness and glare. Extracts of this fruit were also able to improve the eye conditions retinitis pigmentosa and hemeralopia.
The antioxidant properties of bilberry extracts inhibit the growth of human colon cancer cells. In addition, it was shown to enhance the therapeutic effects of the chemotherapy agent 5-fluorouracil, as well as reducing its toxic effects. Bilberries are also known to be a blood thinner, lower bad cholesterol, and prevent hardening of the arteries. It can protect the brain and nervous system from damage and is called the “brain berry” for its ability to reduce memory loss. Finally, bilberry extracts have anti-inflammatory properties and may be useful in inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
The antioxidant and collagen-stimulating effects of bilberry may be useful in reducing the risk of glaucoma and other age-related eye disorders, such as cataracts and diabetic retinopathy. In addition, bilberry exerts beneficial effects on the blood vessels, making it potentially useful preventing varicose veins, spider veins and hemorrhoids.
References
- Choi EH, Ok HE, Yoon Y, et al. Protective effect of anthocyanin-rich extract from bilberry (Vacc View Source myrtillus L.) against myelotoxicity induced by 5-fluorouracil. Biofactors. 2007;29(1):55-65.
- Logan AC, Wong C. Chronic fatigue syndrome: oxidative stress and dietary modifications. Altern Med Rev. 2001 Oct;6(5):450-9. View Source
- Matsunaga N, Chikaraishi Y, Shimazawa M, et al. Vaccinium myrtillus (Bilberry) Extracts Reduce Angiogenesis In Vitro and In Vivo. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2007 Oct 27. [Epub ahead of print]. View Source
- Monograph. Vaccinium myrtillus (bilberry). Altern Med Rev. 2001 Oct;6(5):500-4. View Source
- Natural & Alternative Treatments. Bilberry. 2009. View Source




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